Journal: International Dental Journal

Article Title: Obesity as a Determinant of Periodontal Therapy Outcomes: Insights on Oxidative and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathways

doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2026.109472

Figure Lengend Snippet: Oxidative stress markers in the study population, stratified by obesity presence, before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Total ROS (A and G), cytosolic superoxide (B and H) and mitochondrial superoxide (C and I) in leukocytes, and protein levels of SOD1 (D and J) in PBMCs normalized to the loading control actin with corresponding WB images (E), and serum total antioxidant capacity (F and K). Data are presented as box and whisker plots and were compared using two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc tests. ** P < .01 when comparing baseline vs 12 wk. # P < .05 when comparing groups with vs without obesity. DCFH, diclorodihidrofluoresceína; dHE, dihydroethidium; MitoSOX, Mitochondrial Superoxide Indicator; ns, not significant; PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SOD1, superoxide dismutase 1.

Article Snippet: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) comprising monocytes and lymphocytes were isolated from EDTA-collected blood using the MACSprep PBMC Isolation Kit (Miltenyi Biotec, Teterow, Germany), and 5 × 106 cells were used for protein extraction, quantification, and Western blot (WB) analysis.

Techniques: Control, Whisker Assay

Journal: International Dental Journal

Article Title: Obesity as a Determinant of Periodontal Therapy Outcomes: Insights on Oxidative and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathways

doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2026.109472

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of UPR markers in PBMCs from study population, stratified by presence of obesity, before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Relative protein expression of GRP78 (A and G), ATF6 (B and H), CHOP (C and I), IRE1α (D and J), p-eIF2α (E and K), relative mRNA expression of sXBP1 (F and L) in PBMCs normalized to the loading control actin and representative WB images (M). Data are presented as box and whisker plots and were compared using two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc tests. * P < .05; ** P < .01 when comparing baseline vs 12 wk. ATF6, activating transcription factor 6; BMI, body mass index; CHOP, C/EBP homologous protein; GRP78, Glucose-regulated protein 78; IRE1α, Inositol requiring enzyme 1α; PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells; p-eIF2α, Phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit; sXBP1 , spliced Xbox binding protein 1 gene.

Article Snippet: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) comprising monocytes and lymphocytes were isolated from EDTA-collected blood using the MACSprep PBMC Isolation Kit (Miltenyi Biotec, Teterow, Germany), and 5 × 106 cells were used for protein extraction, quantification, and Western blot (WB) analysis.

Techniques: Expressing, Control, Whisker Assay, Binding Assay

Journal: iScience

Article Title: ALDH3A2-mediated fatty acid synthesis induces ferroptosis and AML drug resistance

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.116202

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of ALDH3A2 in healthy people and patients with AML (A) The expression of ALDH3A2 in various tumors compared with normal tissues. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. (B) Expression of ALDH3A2 in 88 leukemia cell lines. (C) The survival curve of patients with high and low expression of ALDH3A2 (n [low expression] = 121, n [high expression] = 30). (D) The expression of protein ALDH3A2 in HL-60, HL-60/ADM, K562, K562/ADM, and bone marrow in patients. (E) The expression of ALDH3A2 RNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells of AML patients in the CR ( n = 9), C1NR ( n = 8), and R/R ( n = 10) group. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. (F) The expression of ALDH3A2 in bone marrow mononuclear cells of 3 AML patients at their initial and recurrent stage. (G) High/low expression of ALDH3A2 and molecular mutation distribution of 66 AML patients. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. Ns indicates no statistical difference between the two groups, ∗ indicates p < 0.05 between the two groups. Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed Student’s t tests for the comparison of two groups.

Article Snippet: ALDH3A2 expression in human leukemia cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells , Human Protein Atlas website ( https://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) , .

Techniques: Expressing, Mutagenesis, Two Tailed Test, Comparison

Journal: iScience

Article Title: ALDH3A2-mediated fatty acid synthesis induces ferroptosis and AML drug resistance

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.116202

Figure Lengend Snippet: ALDH3A2-V protects AML cells from ferroptosis and cytotoxicity induced by doxorubicin (A) ALDH3A2 mRNA relative expression in HL-60/ADM and K562/ADM cells after transfection of siRNA by electroporation. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. The specific data are shown in the supplemental table . (B) The lipid peroxidation degree of HL60ADM and K562ADM cells in the control (ctrl) and ALDH3A2 knockdown (KD) groups after the same dose of doxorubicin treatment for 48 h. (C) The content of ALDH3A2 protein in HL-60, K562, U937, and KG-1α in the ALDH3A2 overexpressing (OE) group and the control (CON) group. (D) The location of ALDH3A2-V overexpression. This representative image was selected from 3 independent replicate experiments, with 4 fields of view evaluated per replicate. (E) Lipid peroxidation in HL-60, K562, U937, and KG-1α in the ALDH3A2 OE group and the CON group under the same concentration of doxorubicin treatment. (F and G) Cell viability and its fitting curve of HL-60, K562, U937, and KG-1α in the ALDH3A2 OE group and the CON group under the gradient concentration of doxorubicin treatment. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. The specific data are shown in the supplemental table . Ns indicates no statistical difference between the two groups, ∗ indicates p < 0.05 between the two groups, and ∗∗ indicates p < 0.01 between the two groups. Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed Student’s t tests for the comparison of two groups.

Article Snippet: ALDH3A2 expression in human leukemia cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells , Human Protein Atlas website ( https://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) , .

Techniques: Expressing, Transfection, Electroporation, Control, Knockdown, Over Expression, Concentration Assay, Two Tailed Test, Comparison

Journal: iScience

Article Title: ALDH3A2-mediated fatty acid synthesis induces ferroptosis and AML drug resistance

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.116202

Figure Lengend Snippet: ALDH3A2 affects the sensitivity of AML cells to doxorubicin by altering 4-HNE and fatty acid content (A) The content of 4-HNE in cell lysate and culture supernatant of AML cells in the doxorubicin treatment (ADR) group and control (CON) group. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. The specific data are shown in the supplemental table . (B) The content of 4-HNE in HL-60, U937, and KG-1α of the overexpressing ALDH3A2 (OE) group and the CON group under the same concentration of doxorubicin treatment. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. The specific data are shown in the supplemental table . (C) OPLS-DA was performed on the measured fatty acids. Quantitative data for fatty acid and cell viability were collected from 3 independent experiments. (D) Variable Importance in Projection（VIP) value of different fatty acids; the difference is considered significant when the VIP>1. (E) Content of three different fatty acids in the CON and OE ALDH3A2 group. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. The specific data are shown in the supplemental table . (F) Cell viability of AML cells in heptadecanoic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid-pretreated groups and the CON group after the treatment of doxorubicin. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. The specific data are shown in the supplemental table . (G) Lipid peroxidation in AML cells in heptadecanoic acid-, oleic acid-, and linoleic acid-pretreated groups and the CON group after the treatment of doxorubicin. These images were selected from 3 independent replicates. Ns indicates no statistical difference between the two groups, ∗ indicates p < 0.05 between the two groups, ∗∗ indicates p < 0.01 between the two groups, and ∗∗∗ indicates p < 0.001 between the two groups. Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed Student’s t tests for the comparison of two groups.

Article Snippet: ALDH3A2 expression in human leukemia cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells , Human Protein Atlas website ( https://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) , .

Techniques: Control, Concentration Assay, Two Tailed Test, Comparison

Journal: iScience

Article Title: ALDH3A2-mediated fatty acid synthesis induces ferroptosis and AML drug resistance

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.116202

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of fatty acids and ALDH3A2 on plasma membrane fluidity and drug uptake (A) Laurdan staining showed different ratios of order and disorder phases in the control, heptadecanoic acid-, oleic acid-, or linoleic acid-treated groups. These representative images were selected from 3 independent replicate experiments, with 4 fields of view evaluated per replicate. (B) Flow cytometry was employed to quantify Cy5 fluorescence intensity in control, heptadecanoic acid-, oleic acid-, or linoleic acid-pretreated groups at 2- and 4-h intervals following doxorubicin exposure. The representative image was selected from 3 independent replicate experiments. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. The specific data are shown in the supplemental table . (C) Laurdan staining showed different ratios of order and disorder phases in the control and ALDH3A2 high groups. The mCherry fluorescent protein was co-expressed with ALDH3A2, which indicates successful transfection of the overexpression plasmid into the cells. These representative images were selected from 3 independent replicate experiments, with 4 fields of view evaluated per replicate. (D) U937 cells in the control group and ALDH3A2 high group were treated with Cy5-labeled doxorubicin. The mCherry fluorescent protein was co-expressed with ALDH3A2, which indicates successful transfection of the overexpression plasmid into the cells. These representative images were selected from 3 independent replicate experiments, with 4 fields of view evaluated per replicate. Ns indicates no statistical difference between the two groups, ∗ indicates p < 0.05 between the two groups, and ∗∗ indicates p < 0.01 between the two groups. Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed Student’s t tests for the comparison of two groups.

Article Snippet: ALDH3A2 expression in human leukemia cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells , Human Protein Atlas website ( https://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) , .

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Membrane, Staining, Control, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence, Transfection, Over Expression, Plasmid Preparation, Labeling, Two Tailed Test, Comparison

Journal: iScience

Article Title: ALDH3A2-mediated fatty acid synthesis induces ferroptosis and AML drug resistance

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.116202

Figure Lengend Snippet: In in vivo experiments, AML with high expression of ALDH3A2 exhibits a poorer response to doxorubicin (A) Schematic diagram of the process for establishing the AML mouse model. (B) In vivo bioimaging shows the success of the model and the leukemia burden in mice before and after treatment. (C) Statistics of fluorescence values ( n = 5) on days 3 and 7 of the experiment. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. The specific data are shown in the supplemental table . (D) Survival curves of mice in different groups. (E) 4-HNE content in plasma of mice in different groups ( n = 5) on day 7. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. The specific data are shown in the supplemental table . (F) 4-HNE content in plasma of AML patients with low ( n = 5) and high ( n = 5) ALDH3A2 expression levels before and after receiving chemotherapy. Ns indicates no statistical difference between the two groups, ∗ indicates p < 0.05 between the two groups, and ∗∗ indicates p < 0.01 between the two groups. Statistical significance was determined using unpaired or paired two-tailed Student’s t tests for the comparison of two groups.

Article Snippet: ALDH3A2 expression in human leukemia cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells , Human Protein Atlas website ( https://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) , .

Techniques: In Vivo, Expressing, Fluorescence, Clinical Proteomics, Two Tailed Test, Comparison

Journal: iScience

Article Title: ALDH3A2-mediated fatty acid synthesis induces ferroptosis and AML drug resistance

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.116202

Figure Lengend Snippet: X24003 inhibits ALDH3A2 and enhances the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin on resistant AML cells (A) OPLS-DA was performed on the measured fatty acid containment in the X24003 treatment group and control group. Quantitative data for fatty acid and cell viability were collected from 3 independent experiments. VIP value of different fatty acids; the difference is considered significant when the VIP>1. (B) X24003 exhibits a synergistic effect with doxorubicin in the elimination of doxorubicin-resistant AML cell lines HL-60ADM and K562ADM. (C) X24003 augments doxorubicin-induced lipid peroxidation in doxorubicin-resistant AML cell strains without affecting the parental cell lines. The representative image was selected from three independent replicate experiments. (D) In vivo bioimaging shows the success of the model and the leukemia burden in mice before and after treatment.

Article Snippet: ALDH3A2 expression in human leukemia cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells , Human Protein Atlas website ( https://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) , .

Techniques: Control, In Vivo

Journal: iScience

Article Title: ALDH3A2-mediated fatty acid synthesis induces ferroptosis and AML drug resistance

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.116202

Figure Lengend Snippet: HDAC2 binds to the promoter of the ALDH3A2 gene and regulates its expression (A) CUT&RUN indicates that HDAC2 binds to the promoter of the ALDH3A2 gene; the binding affinity is observed to decrease after treatment with chidamide. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. The specific data are shown in the supplemental table . (B) The expression of ALDH3A2 protein in AML cells following treatment with doxorubicin or chidamide. (C) Treatment of chidamide enhances lipid peroxidation induced by doxorubicin in AML cells. The representative image was selected from three independent replicate experiments. (D) Chidamide exhibits a synergistic effect with doxorubicin in the elimination of AML cells. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. The specific data are shown in the supplemental table . Ns indicates no statistical difference between the two groups, ∗ indicates p < 0.05 between the two groups, and ∗∗ indicates p < 0.01 between the two groups. Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed Student’s t tests for the comparison of two groups.

Article Snippet: ALDH3A2 expression in human leukemia cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells , Human Protein Atlas website ( https://www.proteinatlas.org/ ) , .

Techniques: Expressing, Binding Assay, Two Tailed Test, Comparison

Journal: Bioinformatics

Article Title: Refining sequence-to-expression modelling with chromatin accessibility

doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btag199

Figure Lengend Snippet: Highly variable gene expression prediction results. (A) Percent increase in mean Pearson correlation from DNA only to DNA + ATAC for all major cell types in all three multiome datasets, evaluating on highly variable genes versus all genes. (B) Same as a, but showing percent increase in mean Pearson correlation from ATAC only to DNA + ATAC. Solid diagonal lines indicate y = x .

Article Snippet: Multiome human PBMC, single-cell human PBMC with ADTs, multiome human brain, and multiome human jejunum datasets were obtained from www.10xgenomics.com/datasets .

Techniques: Gene Expression

Journal: Bioinformatics

Article Title: Refining sequence-to-expression modelling with chromatin accessibility

doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btag199

Figure Lengend Snippet: k -mer attribution and TF-MoDISco motif comparison between the DNA-only and DNA + ATAC models. (A) Change in rank of mean 2-mer importance from the DNA-only to the DNA + ATAC models, across all folds, random seeds, and PBMC (sc) cell types. (B) Jaccard index of the top 10% of 6-mers with positive attribution between the PBMC cell types, with the right triangle showing similarities within the DNA + ATAC models and the left triangle showing similarities within the DNA-only models. (C) TF-MoDISco hits differentially selected in CD14 + monocyte and CD4 T cell models (best Tomtom q -value across CV folds < 0.01), ranked by difference in TF GEx.

Article Snippet: Multiome human PBMC, single-cell human PBMC with ADTs, multiome human brain, and multiome human jejunum datasets were obtained from www.10xgenomics.com/datasets .

Techniques: Comparison